That does not change with binary numbering systems. We call the straight vertical line a "1" and the round circle a "0". All the decimal system has are symbols that represent quantities. The concept is as easy as one plus one.Īppreciate that we use the decimal numbering system in our everyday lives, where our numbers are based on 10s of things - probably because we have 10 toes and 10 fingers. Binary numbers are just a different way to count. Have no fear - or at least put your fear to rest. Just the sound of "binary numbers" sends pangs of fear through many people with different shades of arithmophobia (the irrational fear of numbers and arithmetic). So, in our example, there is a network (the company), which is divided into logical subnets (marketing and sales departments), each of which has its own hosts (users and printers). In terms of IP addressing and subnets, these devices are referred to as hosts. This also prevents devices on one subnet from getting confused with hosts on the other subnet. You could accomplish this by organizing the addresses of these printers into unique subnets.Ī subnet then, is a logical organization of connected network devices.Įach device on each subnet has an address that logically associates it with the others on the same subnet. You want to limit the printers that each user sees to those of each department. For example, let’s say you have a group of printers in your company’s marketing department and a different bunch in the sales offices. It is often necessary to group things on a network together for both organizational and efficiency’s sake. This is where a little organization comes into play. It is necessary to figure out how a message can be sent from one address to another. It is not enough to just have an address. These numbers are called IP addresses, and they have the important function of figuring out not only the address of "things," but how communication can occur between them. It is not possible to have a device on a network that has alphabetical characters in its address like "23rd Street." Its name can be alphanumeric - and we could translate that name to a numeric address - but the address itself must be numbers alone. This is no different from a house address, but with one minor exception: the addresses need to be in numerical form. Users need to talk to printers, email programs need to talk to servers, and each of these "things" needs to have some sort of address. To understand why we need subnets (short for subnetwork), let’s start right from the beginning and recognize that we need to talk to "things" on networks. Network Interface Card (NIC): A computer hardware component that allows a computer to connect to a network.Subnet Mask: A 32-bit number used to differentiate the network component of an IP address by dividing the IP address into a network address and host address. ![]() Subnet: A separate and identifiable portion of an organization's network, typically arranged on one floor, building or geographical location.IP Address: A logical numeric address that is assigned to every single computer, printer, switch, router or any other device that is part of a TCP/IP-based network.In addition, these definitions and terms will get you started: You'll also learn how to plan a basic home or small office network.Ī basic understanding of how binary and decimal numbers work is required. These steps will give you the basic information needed in order to configure routers or understand how IP addresses are broken down and how subnetting works. Here we’ll break this topic into eight simple steps and help you put the pieces together to fully understand IP subnetting. However, as simple as the concepts are, there is a general difficulty in understanding the topic. Understanding IP subnetting is a fundamental requirement for almost any techie - whether you’re a coder, a database administrator or the CTO.
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